Final answer:
The Scientific Revolution, by introducing a rational and systematic understanding of the universe, brought about the Enlightenment, which transformed societal, political, and economic systems. This revolution change shifted the mindset away from religious dogmas and laid the foundation for the modern era, leading to democratic values and social contract theory.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Scientific Revolution fundamentally altered the way people thought about society and philosophy. Prior to this period, traditional religious institutions explained the structure of the universe and society, instating a divine order that justified social hierarchies.
However, the Scientific Revolution introduced the view that the universe was systematic and rational. This promoted critical scrutiny into existing societal structures and traditional belief systems, fostering a culture of intellectual innovation and a robust exchange of ideas known as the Enlightenment.
Enlightenment thinkers, drawing upon the scientific methods of observation and rational analysis, applied these principles to society and philosophy. As a result, the concepts of anthropocentrism, rationalism, and scientism emerged, shaking the religious monopoly on knowledge and shaping the societal, political, and economic systems. These changes contributed to significant events such as the French Revolution and the Declaration of Independence of the Thirteen Colonies.
Finally, philosophers such as John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau proposed social contract theory, which placed an emphasis on individual freedoms and led to the evolution of democracy and modern political systems.
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