y = 3x + 1
the equation is in gradient- intercept form as this is linear (y = mx + c).
c is the y intercept, which is where the line crosses the y-axis and x = 0 (vertical line). in this, it passes through at the point (0, 1). so c (y-intercept) = 1.
m is the gradient of the line. it is calculated by rise/run (y2 -y1/x2-x1). so pick two points. here, we'll pick (4,1), and (0,1).
so:
(4-1)/(1-0) = 3/1
which is simply 3.
so, m =3
we put these numbers into y = mx + c and you get:
y = 3x + 1