The infection that is most commonly spread by exposure to body fluids and can cause both acute and chronic disease is:
c. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)
HIV is primarily transmitted through the exchange of certain body fluids, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, rectal fluids, and breast milk. It can lead to both acute and chronic disease, with the chronic phase referred to as AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome).