To make a 6 M HCl solution, you can start with the concentrated HCl solution and dilute it. First, you need to calculate how many moles of HCl are present in the final solution, and then determine the volume needed for dilution.
1. Calculate the moles of HCl you want in the final solution:
6 moles/L * 0.5 L = 3 moles of HCl
2. Calculate the mass of HCl needed to make 3 moles:
3 moles * (36.46 g/mol) = 109.38 g
3. Since the concentrated HCl solution contains 37.0% wt HCl, you can calculate how much of the concentrated solution is needed to obtain 109.38 g of HCl:
(109.38 g) / (0.370) = 295.62 g
4. Now, calculate the volume of the concentrated HCl solution needed. First, convert grams to milliliters using the density:
(295.62 g) / (1.190 g/mL) = 248.51 mL
So, you would need to dilute approximately 248.51 mL of the concentrated HCl solution to a final volume of 0.5 L to make a 6 M HCl solution.