Question

Identify the special dietary needs for weight control, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension

Answer 1

Special dietary needs vary based on the condition; weight control requires limiting high-calorie extras, while individuals with diabetes need to control carbohydrate intake. Cardiovascular disease diets should minimize saturated fats and sodium, and hypertension demands a diet reduced in sodium and high in minerals like potassium.

Step-by-step explanation:

Special Dietary Needs

For weight control, a diet focused on nutrient and energy density can help make healthier food choices, emphasizing whole foods and a more active lifestyle. It's important to limit extras, choosing fewer foods and beverages that are high in sodium, saturated fat, and added sugars.

Individuals with diabetes mellitus need to control blood glucose levels by limiting carbohydrate intake and opting for non-carbohydrate sweeteners when necessary. Maintaining proper hydration is also critical.

Those dealing with cardiovascular disease should look at dietary approaches to limit major precursors such as high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels by reducing the intake of saturated fats and sodium.

For hypertension, the DASH diet suggests reducing sodium and consuming foods high in potassium, magnesium, and fiber to manage blood pressure effectively.

Stay hydrated and choose foods that contribute to hydration, like fruits and vegetables. Opt for water or unsweetened beverages over sweetened drinks, which are linked to metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.

Answer 2

Final answer:

To control weight, limit sodium, saturated fat, and added sugars. Diabetes mellitus requires controlling blood glucose levels by restricting carbohydrates and using non-carbohydrate sweeteners. For cardiovascular disease and hypertension, reduce sodium and include calcium, potassium, and magnesium-rich foods.

Step-by-step explanation:

The special dietary needs for weight control, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and hypertension involve limiting certain nutrients and making healthier food choices.

Weight control:

Limiting the intake of sodium, saturated fat, and added sugars can help with weight control. Choosing beverages and foods that are low in these components can support weight management.

Diabetes mellitus:

In diabetes mellitus, controlling blood glucose levels is crucial. This often involves restricting carbohydrates and consuming non-carbohydrate sweeteners instead of sugar. The diet should focus on meeting energy requirements through proteins and fats.

Cardiovascular disease and hypertension:

A heart-healthy diet for cardiovascular disease and hypertension involves reducing sodium intake and choosing foods high in calcium, potassium, and magnesium. These dietary modifications can help lower blood pressure and reduce the risk factors associated with these conditions.