Final answer:
Gregor Mendel, the 'Father of Genetics', conducted foundational research on the principles of heredity through experiments with pea plants. His work established the laws of Mendelian inheritance, which are foundational to our understanding of genetics.
Step-by-step explanation:
Gregor Mendel is often referred to as the 'Father of Genetics'. Mendel was an Austrian monk who discovered the basic principles of heredity through experiments in his garden. His experiments involved the breeding of pea plants and led to the establishment of the laws of mendelian inheritance.
Mendel was born into a poor family in what is now the Czech Republic. Despite this, he was able to study and eventually found his calling in monastery. Here, he had the opportunity to study nature and genetics. His remarkable observations brought about the fundamental principles in genetics field.
His famous experiments involved crossing pea plants carrying specific traits. From these cross-breeding experiments, he elucidated the principles of inheritance, later known as Mendelian laws. The principles of segregation and independent assortment are foundational to our understanding of genetics and have greatly contributed to the biology as a whole.
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