Answer:
The descriptive epidemiologic statement, "The risk of lung cancer is 30% among adults over the age of 50 years old in Kentucky," is missing the element of time (C).
Step-by-step explanation:
Epidemiologic statements often include the three fundamental elements known as the epidemiologic triad: person, place, and time. In this case, "person" and "place" are mentioned (adults over 50 years old in Kentucky), but the statement does not specify a particular time frame for when this risk assessment applies. Time is a critical factor in epidemiology because the risk of diseases can change over time due to various factors, such as changes in lifestyle, environmental conditions, or medical advances. To make the statement more complete and informative, it should include a specific time frame or period during which the 30% risk applies.