Final answer:
In a controlled experiment, the researchers divide the subjects into groups by randomly assigning participants to different groups: one group receives the treatment or experimental manipulation, while the other group serves as the control group.
Step-by-step explanation:
In a controlled experiment, the researchers study by dividing the subjects into groups. They do this by randomly assigning participants to different groups: one group receives the treatment or experimental manipulation, while the other group serves as the control group. This allows researchers to compare the groups and determine the effects of the independent variable on the dependent variable.