Answer:
Q1. The glomerulus is a tiny cluster of blood vessels located in the kidney. It is part of the renal corpuscle, which is responsible for the initial filtration of blood to form urine. The glomerulus filters waste products, excess water, and other substances from the blood and allows the filtered fluid, known as the glomerular filtrate, to pass into the renal tubules.
Q2. Lenticels are small, raised areas or pores on the surface of plants. They are most commonly found on the stems and woody tissues of plants, but can also appear on fruits and other plant parts. Lenticels allow for the exchange of gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, between the internal tissues of the plant and the external environment. They play a crucial role in the respiration of plants, enabling the exchange of gases needed for cellular respiration.
Q3. Holozoic nutrition is a type of nutrition in which organisms ingest solid food materials and then break them down internally to obtain nutrients. This process involves the ingestion, digestion, absorption, and assimilation of complex organic matter. Animals, including humans, exhibit holozoic nutrition, where they consume food, mechanically and chemically digest it, absorb the nutrients across the digestive tract lining, and assimilate them into their own tissues for energy, growth, and maintenance.
Q4. The life span of red blood cells (RBCs) varies among species. In humans, the average life span of RBCs is approximately 120 days. However, this duration may vary due to factors such as individual health conditions, genetic factors, and environmental factors. The worn-out or damaged RBCs are removed from the bloodstream and then broken down and recycled by the spleen and liver. The continuous production and destruction of RBCs ensure a balance in the body's oxygen-carrying capacity.