A crime typically involves three main elements: actus reus, mens rea, and concurrence. Actus reus refers to the physical act or conduct that is prohibited by law, such as theft or neglecting a legal duty.
Mens rea, or guilty mind, refers to the mental state or intention of the person committing the crime, which can range from intentional to reckless or negligent. Concurrence requires that the actus reus and mens rea coincide or occur together in time, ensuring that a person cannot be punished for their thoughts alone. This ensures that a person cannot be punished for their thoughts alone, as there must be a corresponding unlawful action.