Final answer:
In the context of the expanding universe, the balloon-like shapes represent galaxies.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the context of the expanding universe, the balloon-like shapes represent galaxies. Scientists often use an analogy of an inflated balloon to explain the expansion of the universe. The dots marked on the surface of the balloon represent galaxies, and as the balloon expands, every dot 'sees' the other dots moving away. This model helps illustrate that the expansion of the universe is observed by all observers in the universe, regardless of their location.