When caring for a client receiving nitroglycerin for the treatment of angina, the priority nursing action is to monitor the client's vital signs, specifically blood pressure and heart rate. Nitroglycerin is a medication that works by dilating the blood vessels, which helps to improve blood flow and relieve chest pain associated with angina.
The administration of nitroglycerin can lead to systemic vasodilation, which may cause a drop in blood pressure. Monitoring the client's blood pressure is crucial to ensure that it does not fall to a dangerously low level, which can result in hypotension and potentially compromise organ perfusion.
In addition to blood pressure, it is important to monitor the client's heart rate. Nitroglycerin can cause reflex tachycardia as a compensatory response to the vasodilation. Monitoring the heart rate helps to assess if the client is experiencing an elevated heart rate, which may indicate a compensatory response to low blood pressure.
By closely monitoring vital signs, nurses can identify any potential complications or adverse effects of nitroglycerin administration promptly. If there are significant changes in blood pressure or heart rate, the nurse can take appropriate actions, such as notifying the healthcare provider, adjusting the dosage, or providing additional supportive care to maintain the client's stability.