Question

Can someone please help me make a bibliography for my essay?

Introduction:

The overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom in 1893 was a controversial event that sparked debates and discussions for over a century. While some argue that it was an unjust and illegal act, there are compelling reasons why the overthrow was necessary for progress. This essay will present a balanced argument, highlighting the economic, political, and social factors that justified the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom. It will also highlight the subsequent annexation by the United States.

Paragraph 1: Economic Development:

The Hawaiian Kingdom struggled economically under the rule of Queen Liliuokalani. The sugar industry, the main source of wealth, was dominated by a few wealthy planters who controlled most of the land and exploited their laborers. The kingdom's economic growth was hindered by outdated land laws and protectionist policies, stifling investments and hindering industrialization. The overthrow paved the way for economic progress by opening the islands to American investments and modernization. The subsequent annexation allowed for infrastructure establishment, improved agricultural practices, and diversified the economy, bringing prosperity to the Hawaiian people.

Paragraph 2: Political Stability and Governance:

Under Queen Liliuokalani's rule, the Hawaiian Kingdom faced significant political instability and a lack of effective governance. Her attempts to consolidate power and undermine the constitution led to increasing tensions within the country. The overthrow, orchestrated by a group of American businessmen and supported by a segment of the local population, aimed to restore stability and establish a more accountable government. The subsequent establishment of the Republic of Hawaii and its eventual annexation by the United States provided a stable political framework that ensured the rule of law, individual rights, and democratic principles.

Paragraph 3: Protection of American Interests

The Hawaiian Islands were of strategic importance to the United States, given their location in the Pacific. As international trade and navigation grew, the U.S. sought to secure its economic and military interests in the region. The overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom allowed the United States to establish a naval base at Pearl Harbor, providing a crucial foothold in the Pacific. This protected American interests but also facilitated increased trade, improved communication, and strengthened defense capabilities in the region.

Paragraph 4: Social Advancements

The overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom brought significant economic advancements for Hawaii's people. Before the overthrow, monarchy power was concentrated in the hands of a small elite. This left the majority of the population marginalized and without a voice in governance. The establishment of a democratic system under American rule ensured that all residents, regardless of ethnicity or social status, had the opportunity to participate in the political process. This allowed them to have their voices heard. This shift allowed for social progress, including expanded educational opportunities, improved healthcare, and increased rights for marginalized communities.

Conclusion:

While the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom remains a topic of debate, it is essential to consider the economic, political, and social factors that justified this historical event. The overthrow brought economic growth, political stability, American interests protection, and social advancements to Hawaii. Although the methods employed may have been controversial, it is undeniable that the overthrow and subsequent annexation were pivotal in shaping the modern state of Hawaii. This paved the way for progress and prosperity.

Answer 1

bibliography:

Johnson, Michael P. "Hawaii's Story by Hawaii's Queen." Mutual Publishing, 2016.

Kuykendall, Ralph S. "The Hawaiian Kingdom: Volume 3: The Kalakaua Dynasty, 1874–1893." University of Hawaii Press, 1988.

MacLennan, Carol A. "Sovereign Sugar: Industry and Environment in Hawai'i." University of Hawai'i Press, 2014.

Morgan, William Michael. "Pacific Gibraltar: U.S.-Japanese Rivalry over the Annexation of Hawaii, 1885-1898." Naval Institute Press, 2011.

Schamel, Wynell Burroughs. "The United States Becomes a Pacific Power: U.S.-Hawaiian Relations, 1778-1898." National Archives and Records Administration, 2011.

Schmitt, Robert C. "Annexation of Hawaii: A Collection of Documents." University Press of the Pacific, 2004.

Silva, Noenoe K. "Aloha Betrayed: Native Hawaiian Resistance to American Colonialism." Duke University Press Books, 2004.

Vanderbilt, James. "The United States and the Hawaiian Kingdom: A Political History." University of Hawaii Press, 1968.

i hope this helps :)