Answer:
Hope this helps^^
Step-by-step explanation:
The development of agriculture had significant impacts on the lives of early South American peoples. Out of the options you provided, both options B and C are correct: "Groups started to settle in one place" and "Many groups developed a social hierarchy."
Option B: Groups started to settle in one place:
The transition from a nomadic hunter-gatherer lifestyle to settled agriculture allowed early South American peoples to establish permanent settlements. Prior to agriculture, these groups relied on hunting, fishing, and gathering resources from the surrounding environment. However, with the discovery and cultivation of crops such as maize (corn), beans, potatoes, and squash, people were able to stay in one location to tend to their crops and establish more permanent settlements. This shift from a mobile lifestyle to settled agriculture led to the development of villages and towns, allowing for more stable communities.
Option C: Many groups developed a social hierarchy:
The advent of agriculture led to the emergence of surplus food production. With a more reliable food supply, some individuals could specialize in non-food-producing activities, such as crafts, trade, leadership roles, and religious ceremonies. This specialization of labor contributed to the development of social hierarchies, where certain individuals or groups gained higher status and power within their communities. These hierarchies often resulted in the emergence of chiefdoms or early forms of social and political organization. The surplus food production also enabled the accumulation of wealth and resources by those in positions of power, further reinforcing social hierarchies.
Option A: More groups moved near the coasts:
Although not directly related to the development of agriculture, the proximity to coastal areas might have become more attractive to early South American peoples due to the availability of marine resources. Coastal regions offered diverse food sources like fish, shellfish, seaweed, and other marine animals, which supplemented the agricultural practices of inland communities. However, it's important to note that the development of agriculture itself didn't necessarily cause groups to move near the coasts.
Option D: Cultures became more spread out:
The spread of cultures is not directly tied to the development of agriculture in South America. The expansion or diffusion of cultures can occur through various factors such as trade, migration, conquest, or the sharing of ideas and technologies. While agriculture may have influenced cultural changes within specific regions, it didn't inherently lead to cultures becoming more spread out across South America as a whole.
In summary, the development of agriculture in South America led to groups settling in one place and establishing more permanent settlements, and it also contributed to the development of social hierarchies. These changes brought about greater stability, specialized labor, and the accumulation of wealth and power within communities.