Answer:
The Roman Republic's beginnings were influenced by several factors, including the overthrow of the Roman monarchy, the establishment of a written constitution, and the development of a unique political system based on a separation of powers and checks and balances.
In the Roman Republic, the Consuls were the two highest magistrates, elected annually by the Assembly of the Centuries. They held executive power and served as military commanders, as well as presiding over the Senate and other assemblies. The Consuls were responsible for ensuring the Republic's laws were upheld, and they had the power to veto each other's decisions.
The Senate was an advisory body made up of 300 members who served for life. They were selected by the Consuls and advised them on matters of policy and law. The Senate also had the power to approve or reject laws proposed by the Assembly and to declare war or make peace.
The Assembly, also known as the Comitia, was the primary legislative body of the Roman Republic. It was composed of male citizens who were divided into different groups based on their social status. The Assembly had the power to pass laws and elect officials, including the Consuls, Praetors, and Censors.
The Laws of the Twelve Tables were a set of written laws that formed the basis of Roman law. They were created in 449 BC in response to the plebeians' demands for greater legal protection. The laws covered a wide range of topics, including property rights, debt, and criminal law. They were displayed in public and became a symbol of the Roman Republic's commitment to the rule of law.