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Answer/Step-by-step explanation:
j must not be 13. It is excluded because if j = 13, then the denominator will be 0. We are never allowed to divide by zero which is what is happening mathematically if the zero is on the bottom of a fraction.
Excluded values are values that will make the denominator of a rational expression equal to 0. If you set j = 13, then the denominator would equal 0. You can't divide by zero.