Final answer:
Two parameters used in estimating cell size are volume and surface area, both crucial for understanding cellular functions like nutrient intake and waste elimination. These can be measured using tools like an electron microscope.
Step-by-step explanation:
To estimate cell size, two commonly used parameters are the volume and surface area of the cell. Volume gives us information about the total space inside the cell, while surface area provides insight into the cell's potential for exchanging substances with its external environment. For instance, in the case of E. coli, one could measure the cell's length and width under an electron microscope to calculate its volume and surface area.
Additionally, the overall rate of nutrient intake and the rate of waste elimination are affected by cell size and shape, as stipulated by 2.7 The student will be able to explain how these factors contribute to cellular functions. Considering the lower limit of cell size, it is determined by the minimum volume needed to house essential cellular components that allow the cell to function effectively. This lower size limit is essential for ensuring the cell's viability and effectiveness in performing life-sustaining activities.