Question

What is the selective advantage to having low pigmentation (lighter skin) in southern and northern latitudes?

Answer 1

In light skin, the ultraviolet radiation penetrates more into the skin, developing a better absorption of ultraviolet radiation. Their body synthesizes a higher amount of vitamin d, and they help in calcium development. They have less chance of developing rickets in their body.

Answer 2

The selective advantage of having low pigmentation, or lighter skin, in southern is the ability to produce more vitamin D from sunlight. Vitamin D is essential for bone health and immune function, and can also play a role in preventing certain types of cancer and autoimmune diseases. In regions with lower levels of sunlight, individuals with lighter skin are better able to synthesize vitamin D, as melanin (the pigment that gives skin its color) can interfere with this process.

In northern latitudes, where there is less sunlight throughout the year, having lighter skin allows for more efficient vitamin D production. Conversely, in southern latitudes where there is more sunlight, individuals with darker skin are better protected against harmful UV radiation from the sun. Melanin acts as a natural sunscreen by absorbing UV rays and preventing damage to DNA in skin cells.

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