Answer:
Gene therapy is a medical technique that aims to cure diseases by changing a person's genetic material. Our genes are like a set of instructions that tell our cells what to do. Sometimes, these instructions can be wrong, and that can cause diseases. Gene therapy is a way of fixing those mistakes.
The process of gene therapy involves introducing new or modified genes into a person's cells to correct the faulty instructions. Scientists use different methods to do this, but the most common one is to use a modified virus called a "viral vector." This virus is engineered to carry the new or modified gene and infect the target cells, inserting the new gene into their DNA. Once the new gene is in the cell, it can produce the correct protein that was missing or defective, which can cure the disease.
Gene therapy can be used to treat a wide range of diseases, including genetic disorders like cystic fibrosis or sickle cell anemia, cancer, and viral infections like HIV. However, it is still a new field, and there are many challenges to overcome, such as making sure gene therapy is safe and effective and developing better ways to deliver the therapeutic genes to the right cells.
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