Final answer:
The capsular pattern of the ulnohumeral joint primarily exhibits limitations in flexion and extension due to the supporting ligaments that restrict excessive movement, such as hyperextension.
Step-by-step explanation:
Capsular Pattern of the Elbow Joint
The capsular pattern of the ulnohumeral (elbow) joint is characterized by a limitation of movement, particularly in flexion and extension. The articular capsule of the elbow is reinforced by strong intrinsic ligaments which provide stability by preventing side-to-side movements and hyperextension. On the medial side is the ulnar collateral ligament, which is strongest in its anterior portion to resist hyperextension. This ligament becomes relevant in injuries such as those common among baseball pitchers, leading to surgical repairs like Tommy John surgery.
While the lateral side of the elbow is supported by the radial collateral ligament, which blends into the annular ligament to support the pivot joint allowing for rotation of the radius during pronation and supination. The stability provided by these ligaments ensures the proper capsular pattern of the elbow joint is maintained through a range of movements, but specifically in restricting excessive hyperextension.