Final answer:
Group polarization refers to the strengthening of a group's original attitude after discussion, while groupthink involves changing opinions to match the perceived group consensus, often leading to poor decisions. Option C.
Step-by-step explanation:
When individuals modify their judgments due to group discussions, it is referred to as group polarization.
This phenomenon occurs when the original group attitude is strengthened after the discussion of views within the group. For example, if a group originally leans towards a particular attitude, the group's consensus, after discussion, would likely be a stronger endorsement of that viewpoint.
Groupthink, on the other hand, is when group members modify their opinions to align with what they believe is the group consensus, potentially leading to poor decision making due to the priority of group cohesion over critical thinking.
To avoid groupthink, strategies like seeking outside opinions and setting up private voting can be utilized, promoting a diversity of thoughts and reducing the tendency for a group to make extreme decisions or to inhibit opposing viewpoints. So option C.