Final answer:
Establishing the kVp steps in increments of 4-5 cm permits greater control over the penetration and contrast in an X-ray image.
Step-by-step explanation:
Establishing the kVp (kilovoltage peak) steps in increments of 4-5 cm permits greater control over the penetration and contrast in an X-ray image. kVp refers to the peak voltage at which the X-ray tube operates, and it directly affects the quality of the X-ray image.
By adjusting the kVp steps in increments, the radiographer can manipulate the X-ray beam's energy level, which influences the overall image brightness and contrast. Higher kVp values result in greater penetration and reduced contrast, while lower kVp values result in reduced penetration and increased contrast.
For example, when imaging a region with high tissue density, such as the thoracic region, using higher kVp steps can help achieve sufficient penetration of the X-ray beam, resulting in a clearer image with reduced contrast.