Final answer:
Eukaryotic cells have more than one origin of replication per chromosome, allowing them to efficiently replicate their larger amounts of DNA, while prokaryotic cells, including bacteria and archaea, have a single origin.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of cells that has more than one origin of replication per chromosome is eukaryotes. Prokaryotic cells, which include bacterial and archaean prokaryotic cells, have a single origin of replication. In contrast, eukaryotic cells, which make up organisms such as animals, plants, fungi, and protists, have multiple origins of replication across their multiple linear chromosomes. This allows eukaryotic cells to replicate their larger amounts of DNA efficiently during cell division.
Prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria and archaea have a simpler cell structure and a faster rate of replication compared to eukaryotes. Eukaryotic cells use multiple replication forks and about fourteen types of polymerases to replicate their DNA, whereas prokaryotic cells have a single origin of replication and generally use fewer types of polymerases for this process.