Question

Which of the following descriptions best fits the acid-base disorder metabolic alkalosis?

a. consequence of hyperventilation, for example in fever or mental illness
b. consequence of prolonged vomiting
c. consequence of reduced alveolar ventilation, for example due to COPD
d. consequence of tissue hypoxia, for example in ischemic conditions

Answer 1

The acid-base disorder metabolic alkalosis is best described as a consequence of prolonged vomiting, which leads to a loss of hydrogen and chloride ions in the stomach, causing the blood to become too alkaline.

Step-by-step explanation:

The description that best fits the acid-base disorder metabolic alkalosis is b. consequence of prolonged vomiting. Metabolic alkalosis occurs when the blood becomes too alkaline (pH above 7.45) due to a primary bicarbonate excess. Prolonged, severe vomiting can result in the loss of hydrogen and chloride ions, which are components of hydrochloric acid (HCl), leading to a reduction in the acidic content of the blood and creating an alkaline environment. This condition can also be triggered by the excessive consumption of antacids or the use of certain diuretics, which can lead to potassium depletion and an increase in bicarbonate concentration in the blood.