Final answer:
The anthropological perspective where an organization's members are compared to parts of a body, with each having specific functions necessary for the system's health, is functionalism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The anthropological perspective that is being described in the scenario where the owner is referred to as "the brain" of the organization, the manager as the "heart and lungs," and the employees as "the muscular system" is best described as functionalism. This perspective looks at society as a system of interdependent, inherently connected parts, each with a specific function that is essential to the overall health and stability of the whole. Just like an organism, where each organ must function properly for the body to remain healthy, in a functionalistic view, each part of the society or organization must do its job for the system to work smoothly. If any part fails, it may need to be repaired or replaced to maintain this stability