Final answer:
Personality is shaped by both genetic factors and environmental influences, with culture being a significant environmental factor. Temperament has a biological basis but can also be influenced by environment, and there is ongoing debate about the influence of nature versus nurture on personality.
Step-by-step explanation:
Many psychological anthropologists believe that an individual's personality is shaped by a combination of genetic factors and environmental influences. Among the environmental factors, culture plays a pivotal role in personality development. Culture includes beliefs, customs, traditions, and is transmitted through language and behavior within a society. It has been noted that personality traits can be universal but also vary from one culture to another, showing both universal and culture-specific aspects to personality variation. For instance, collectivist cultures may influence individuals to be less extroverted compared to individualistic societies.
In summary, personality is seen as a result of complex interactions between our biological predispositions and the social and cultural environment we grow up in.