Question

For the purposes of a libel case, any dissemination of a defamatory statement, not strictly in print is called _____.

Answer 1

Any dissemination of a defamatory statement in non-print form related to libel cases is still considered libel. Public officials must demonstrate 'actual malice' in a libel claim to succeed, following the New York Times v. Sullivan (1964) standard.

Step-by-step explanation:

For the purposes of a libel case, any dissemination of a defamatory statement, not strictly in print is called libel. While libel and slander both constitute defamation of character, libel refers specifically to written defamatory statements, while slander pertains to oral statements. In the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case New York Times v. Sullivan (1964), it was established that public officials must show that a defamatory statement was made with "actual malice"—meaning with knowledge of its falsehood or with reckless disregard for the truth—to prove they were libeled. This case set a higher standard for public figures to claim defamation, aiming to protect freedom of expression and to encourage open debate on public issues.