Final answer:
The microorganisms causing hepatitis and HIV are called bloodborne pathogens, with hepatitis caused by hepatitisviruses and HIV by the retrovirus. Streptococci, fungi, and staphylococci are incorrect choices as they represent different types of pathogens.
Step-by-step explanation:
The microorganisms that cause hepatitis and HIV are known as bloodborne pathogens. Hepatitis is caused by several types of viruses, including hepatitisviruses A (HAV), B (HBV), C (HCV), D (HDV), and E (HEV), which have a particular affinity for liver cells or hepatocytes. HBV, for example, is a member of the hepadnavirus family and is known to cause liver cancer. HIV, on the other hand, is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus, which is a retrovirus and not included in the options given. Therefore, the correct answer from the provided options is bloodborne pathogens, and it is not appropriate to select streptococci, fungi, or staphylococci as they represent different types of pathogens such as bacteria and fungi which are not responsible for hepatitis or HIV.