Final answer:
The hormone that low-carbohydrate diets are trying to control is insulin, which regulates blood glucose levels and prevents spikes in blood glucose after consuming highly refined carbohydrates.
Step-by-step explanation:
The hormone that the new, low-carbohydrate diets are trying to control to prevent hunger cravings commonly occurring after consuming highly refined carbohydrates is insulin. Insulin is released in response to an increase in blood glucose levels after a meal and promotes the absorption of glucose into the liver, fat, and muscle cells, converting it into glycogen or fats. By limiting carbohydrate intake, low-carb diets aim to regulate insulin levels and prevent spikes in blood glucose.