Final answer:
The term for a health care provider that involves the client in making his or her own health care decisions is rooted in the principle of autonomy. This encompasses informed consent, living wills, and health care proxies, which empower patients to participate in and direct their own medical care.
Step-by-step explanation:
A health care provider that involves the client in making his or her own health care decisions is practicing the principle of autonomy. This principle upholds the idea that patients have the right to exercise their own agency and make informed decisions about their treatment options. In clinical settings, this principle is realized through processes such as informed consent, which ensures that a patient is fully aware of the details and implications of a medical procedure or trial before agreeing to participate.
Documents such as a living will and a health care proxy are tools that support autonomy by allowing individuals to outline their medical preferences in the event that they cannot communicate their decisions themselves. This is particularly relevant for proactive quality-of-life planning as individuals age. Furthermore, health care providers may find themselves in ethically challenging scenarios such as discussing universal vaccination with patients, where they must balance patient autonomy with public health interests.