Final answer:
The surgical procedure for repairing a cranial defect is cranioplasty, which can address abnormalities caused by craniosynostosis. This surgery allows for proper growth of the skull bones and is best performed early after birth. It is instrumental in preventing neurological problems due to skull deformities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The procedure for the surgical repair of a cranial defect is known as cranioplasty. When addressing conditions such as craniosynostosis, where there is premature closure of a suture line leading to abnormal skull growth and possible deformation, cranioplasty is employed. The surgery is typically performed by a team of physicians who may open the skull along the fused suture to allow for normal bone growth. In some instances, parts of the skull may be removed and replaced with an artificial plate to correct the defect.
In the case of primary craniosynostosis, the procedure may involve correcting the growth direction of the skull by allowing the brain to enlarge properly, reducing the risk of neurological issues. With complex craniosynostosis, involving multiple suture closures, the surgery can be more extensive due to the severity of skull deformations affecting brain growth and development. It's crucial that these surgeries are performed as early as possible after birth to ensure a better outcome for the child.