Final answer:
The dog avoiding the garbage can illustrates classical conditioning, where the dog associates the garbage can with the negative experience of it blowing over. Similarly, dogs' ability to find their owners by following a familiar whistle showcases their excellent hearing and understanding of sound cues.
Step-by-step explanation:
The dog originally approached the garbage can out of curiosity or in search of food. However, when the can blew over, it likely startled the dog, creating a negative association with the garbage can. This is an example of classical conditioning, where the dog has learned to associate the garbage can with a negative experience (the startling noise of it blowing over) and therefore avoids it in the future. In addition to this situation, dogs have an acute sense of hearing and can detect their owner's whistle at a distance, even if the owner has moved. This ability is demonstrated when a dog uses its masters' whistling to locate them in the woods. The sound provides a cue that helps the dog navigate and find its way back.