Final answer:
Wilhelm Wundt, who established the first psychology lab and is often referenced as the 'father of psychology,' conducted pioneering work that emphasized the scientific study of conscious experience. Hence, option (c) is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
The individual who is considered the "father of psychology" and established the first psychology lab is Wilhelm Wundt. In 1879, Wundt opened the first laboratory dedicated exclusively to psychological research at Leipzig University in Germany.
Wundt is known for his work in psychology that emphasized the scientific study of conscious experience, mainly through introspection - a technique in which trained individuals reported their conscious experiences in reaction to stimuli. His approach laid the groundwork for subsequent psychological research and theory, framing psychology as a distinct scientific discipline apart from philosophy and natural sciences. Therefore, the correct answer is option (c).