Final answer:
The correct answer is option a) Norepinephrine.
Step-by-step explanation:
Carla, who is depicted as a risk-taker engaging in daring activities to increase arousal levels, is raising the level of a neurotransmitter/hormone that is associated with the body’s fight-or-flight response. This chemical is norepinephrine. When a person experiences stress, arousal, or thrill, such as during risky activities, the neurons release norepinephrine onto target organs. This release is part of the sympathetic nervous system’s response, which amplifies the effects through multiple postganglionic neurons and secretion by the adrenal medulla.
The release of norepinephrine and its closely related hormone epinephrine into the bloodstream leads to physiological effects such as increased heart rate, blood sugar, and oxygen availability to essential organs, which helps the organism react to danger and remember the event thereafter to avoid future perils.