Final answer:
Individuals who applied influential ideas to education include Horace Mann, Ram Mohun Roy, Aristotle, Noam Chomsky, John Dewey, Napoleon (in the context of the lycée), and Nobel laureate Dr. Esther Duflo.
Step-by-step explanation:
Throughout history, several individuals and their ideas have been highly influential in shaping education. Horace Mann, for example, was a significant reformer who advocated for public education to teach academic subjects as well as morality and discipline, believing that this combination prepared youth for their social and civic duties. The McGuffey's Readers were used extensively in this educational approach.
Elsewhere, Ram Mohun Roy in India established Hindu College in Calcutta, focusing on Western education, which led to the proliferation of English schools throughout the country. In ancient times, Aristotle was pivotal in establishing comprehensive educational methods across a variety of subjects, despite some inaccuracies in his work. Later, thinkers like Noam Chomsky and John Dewey contributed significantly to modern educational theory, with Chomsky critiquing behaviorism and Dewey building on pragmatism to advocate for education as a tool for truth-seeking.
In the context of Napoleon's France, the establishment of the lycée foregrounded a secular curriculum aimed at training future leaders and administrators. Similarly, Nobel laureate Dr. Esther Duflo has been influential in educational research, particularly through her work on impact evaluations to discern the efficacy of educational interventions.