Final answer:
Factors that affect health and wellness are known as determinants. These determinants can be biological, behavioral, socio-cultural, or environmental in nature.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is option Health. In the field of public health, scientists use the term determinants to describe factors that affect health and wellness.
These determinants can be grouped into four main categories: biological factors (such as genetics and age), behavioral factors (such as diet and physical activity), socio-cultural factors (such as education and income), and environmental factors (such as pollution and access to healthcare).
For example, a biological determinant of health could be someone's genetic predisposition to a certain disease. A behavioral determinant could be a person's smoking habit, which increases their risk of developing lung cancer.
A socio-cultural determinant could be a person's level of education and income, which can affect their access to healthcare services.
And an environmental determinant could be living in an area with high levels of air pollution, which can impact respiratory health.
Understanding these determinants is important in public health because they help researchers and policymakers identify and address the underlying factors that contribute to health and wellness, allowing for the development of effective strategies and interventions to improve population health.