Final answer:
Organophosphorus insecticides inhibit the nervous system function by blocking the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, causing excessive accumulation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, leading to paralysis and death in insects.
Step-by-step explanation:
Organophosphorus insecticides work by inhibiting the nervous system function of insects. These insecticides, which include compounds such as parathion and malathion, disrupt the normal function of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. This enzyme is crucial for the breakdown of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that transmits nerve impulses. When acetylcholinesterase is inhibited, acetylcholine accumulates in the synapse, leading to overstimulation of the nervous system, which in turn causes paralysis and eventual death of the insect.
It's noteworthy that while these compounds are targeted at insect pests, they can be toxic to humans and other non-target organisms at high doses or with prolonged exposure. However, certain safety measures like proper dosing and protective gear can mitigate the risks to humans when using these pesticides.