Final answer:
The policy based on Broken Windows Theory is quickly repairing broken windows and addressing signs of disorder. This theory advocates for maintaining an orderly physical environment to prevent crime by signaling that the area is monitored and social norms are enforced.
Step-by-step explanation:
The policy that is based on Broken Windows Theory is d) Quickly repairing broken windows and addressing signs of disorder. This theory, articulated by Wilson and Kelling in the 1980s, suggests that maintaining and monitoring urban environments in a well-ordered condition may stop further vandalism and escalation into more serious crime. It posits that visual signs of disorder, such as broken windows, trash, and graffiti, signal a lack of community control, inviting criminal activity. Therefore, promptly addressing these issues can help in reducing crime rates by conveying a sense of order and lawfulness.
Policies like increasing police patrols in high-crime areas, implementing harsher penalties for drug offenses, and enhancing community policing efforts do not directly follow the Broken Windows Theory, although they may be part of comprehensive crime prevention strategies. The theory specifically relates to the maintenance of a community's physical environment, whereas these other policies address criminal behavior and community relations differently.
Research has indicated that targeting visual blight in neighborhoods, such as cleaning up graffiti and garbage, can lead to reductions in crime rates without the negative community repercussions often associated with more aggressive police strategies like Zero Tolerance Policing.