Final answer:
A lower-than-normal gas pressure indicates a shortage of primary air, resulting in low oxygen content and high carbon dioxide content.
Step-by-step explanation:
Having a lower-than-normal gas pressure in a system means that there is a shortage of primary air, a low oxygen content, and a high carbon dioxide content.
Therefore, the correct answer is B: Shortage, Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide.
Partial pressure is used to understand how gases move in the respiratory system, with gases flowing according to their pressure gradient from high to low.
This gas exchange is crucial for life and health as the partial pressures of both oxygen and carbon dioxide are understood to regulate breathing and maintain cellular function through the respiration process.