Final answer:
Psychoanalysis is a theory and method developed by Sigmund Freud, based on the belief that all humans have suppressed elements in their unconscious minds. It has been critiqued by post-structuralists and feminists as being unproven and patriarchal. Other systems of psychology, such as behaviorism and cognitive psychology, focus on observable behavior and have had a significant impact on clinical practice.
Step-by-step explanation:
Psychoanalysis is a theory and method developed by Sigmund Freud, based on the belief that all humans have suppressed elements in their unconscious minds that can be confronted and liberated. Freud proposed a universal structure of the mind consisting of the id, superego, and ego. However, psychoanalysis has been critiqued by post-structuralists and feminists, who argue that it cannot be proven and is patriarchal in nature.
On the other hand, other systems of psychology, such as behaviorism and cognitive psychology, focus on observable behavior and measurable phenomena. These approaches can be scientifically tested and have had a significant impact on clinical practice. For example, behavior therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy have been influenced by these systems of psychology.