Final answer:
Osteoblasts synthesize collagen, which is the primary protein that makes up the osteoid in bone matrix.
Step-by-step explanation:
Osteoblasts, which are bone-forming cells, synthesize proteins that make up the osteoid, the organic part of the bone matrix. The primary protein synthesized by osteoblasts is collagen. Collagen fibers give bones their strength, flexibility, and resistance to stretching. Therefore, the correct answer is 1) Collagen.