Question

Aldosterone increases reabsorption of the electrolyte --------- while increasing secretion of the electrolyte -------.

1. sodium; potassium
2. medulla and cortex
3. Vasa Recta Ascending Capillaries
4. peritubular capillaries and vasa recta

Answer 1

Aldosterone increases the reabsorption of sodium and the secretion of potassium to maintain electrolyte balance and regulate blood volume and pressure.

Step-by-step explanation:

Aldosterone significantly impacts the balance of electrolytes in the body by increasing the reabsorption of sodium while increasing the secretion of potassium. This hormone, produced by the adrenal cortex, is vital for maintaining blood pressure and electrolyte balance. In particular, aldosterone promotes the reabsorption of sodium back into the bloodstream from the filtrate in the distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts of the kidneys. This action also leads to water following sodium due to osmosis, thus increasing blood volume and blood pressure. Conversely, aldosterone causes potassium to be secreted into the renal filtrate and excreted from the body. This dual action is critical for preserving proper concentrations of these minerals in the extracellular fluid. Aldosterone secretion is stimulated by factors such as increased levels of blood potassium, decreased blood levels of sodium, or a decrease in blood pressure.