Answer:
The nitrification process requires the mediation of two distinct groups: bacteria that convert ammonia to nitrites (Nitrosomonas, Nitrosospira, Nitrosococcus, and Nitrosolobus) and bacteria that convert nitrites (toxic to plants) to nitrates (Nitrobacter, Nitrospina, and Nitrococcus).
Bacteria are classified into five groups based on their basic shapes:
Spherical: Cocci
Rod: Bacilli
Spiral: Spirilla
Comma: Vibrios
Corkscrew: Spirochaetes
Bacteria can exist as single cells, in pairs, chains, or clusters. They are found in every habitat on Earth, including soil, rock, oceans, and arctic snow.
Nitrifying bacteria are a small group of aerobic bacteria that are important in the nitrogen cycle. They convert soil ammonia to nitrates, which are compounds that plants can use. The process of nitrification is a two-step process:
Nitrogen fixation : Nitrogen is converted to ammonia
Nitrification: Ammonia is converted to nitrite , then nitrite to nitrate
Nitrifying bacteria include species of genera such as:
Nitrosomonas, Nitrosococcus, Nitrobacter, Nitrospina, Nitrospira, Nitrococcus