Final answer:
Self-regulation is the temperament aspect that refers to the ability to control one's attention and responses to stimuli, playing a crucial role in personality development and coping mechanisms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The aspect of temperament that refers to the ability to control attention and inhibit responses to perceived stimuli is known as self-regulation. This facet of temperament involves managing one's reactivity, which pertains to how individuals respond to new or challenging environmental stimuli. Self-regulation is critical in the development of personality and one's capacity to cope with various situations and stressors. It contrasts with traits like neuroticism, which involves a tendency towards anxiety and emotional instability, or introversion and extroversion, which denote the level of sociability and outward orientation of an individual.