Final answer:
The genes expressed in transgenic cotton and maize to reduce the need for insecticides are the genes encoding for insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). These genes enable the plants to produce their own natural insecticides, reducing the reliance on synthetic pesticides.
Step-by-step explanation:
The genes expressed in transgenic cotton and maize to reduce the need for insecticides are the genes encoding for insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). These genes enable the plants to produce their own natural insecticides, reducing the reliance on synthetic pesticides. In addition, the use of genetically engineered insect-resistant cotton and maize has allowed for a significant reduction in the use of persistent, synthetic pesticides, making pest control safer and more environmentally friendly.