Final answer:
Researchers believe adolescents evaluate themselves subjectively, as they are in a period of seeking personal identity, often influenced by their understanding of self and peer relationships.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to the chapter in the textbook, most researchers today believe that adolescents evaluate themselves d) subjectively. Adolescents are in a phase of development where they continue to refine their sense of self as they relate to others, as described by Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. This stage is marked by the tasks of identity versus role confusion, where adolescents ask themselves questions such as "Who am I?" and "Who do I want to be?" and may try on different selves. The overall goal is to develop a strong sense of identity and to be able to stay true to personal beliefs and values.