Question

All of the following are processes used to introduce DNA molecules into bacterial cells except:

a) Transformation
b) Conjugation
c) Transduction
d) Mitosis

Answer 1

Transformation, Transduction, and Conjugation are processes used to introduce DNA molecules into bacterial cells, excluding Mitosis. Option d is correct.

Step-by-step explanation:

All of the following options are processes used to introduce DNA molecules into bacterial cells except (d) Mitosis. The correct answers are:

1. Transformation: In transformation, the cell takes up DNA directly from the environment. The DNA may remain separate as plasmid DNA or be incorporated into the host genome.
2. Transduction: In transduction, a bacteriophage injects DNA into the cell that contains a small fragment of DNA from a different prokaryote.
3. Conjugation: In conjugation, DNA is transferred from one cell to another via a mating bridge that connects the two cells after the sex pilus draws the two bacteria close enough to form the bridge.