Final answer:
Research indicates that street robbers are influenced by sociological and environmental factors, and the identification of criminals heavily relies on evidence and sometimes uncertain witness accounts. Media coverage can also skew public perception of crime rates and the likelihood of victimization.
Step-by-step explanation:
Research on typical street robbers suggests they are influenced by various sociological and environmental factors. Studies have utilized social disorganization theory and crime pattern theory to explain how neighborhood characteristics, such as the percentage of young males, joblessness, residential instability, and population density can increase the likelihood of criminal activities. Additionally, the presence of specific businesses, like payday lenders, can exacerbate crime rates, as these establishments often target financially vulnerable populations and may contribute to neighborhood decline.
The identification of criminals involves police officers investigating and compiling evidence, which may include witness descriptions of suspects and their behavior during the crime. However, witness accounts can be vague and imprecise, such as stating a suspect is of 'medium height', leading to a broad search area. In some instances, officers may apprehend suspects based on circumstantial evidence, such as possession of unlawful weapons, but may lack direct evidence tying them to the crime in question, making the process of criminal identification complex and challenging.
Public perceptions of crime can be influenced by media reports, leading to an overestimation of crime rates and an increased fear of becoming a victim. The impact of media coverage, as highlighted by research, underscores its role in shaping attitudes towards crime and safety, asserting a need for accurate reporting and awareness of its psychological effects on the public.