Final answer:
The anaerobic phase of cellular respiration is characterized by c) glycolysis, where glucose is broken down in the absence of oxygen to generate ATP.
Step-by-step explanation:
The anaerobic phase of cellular respiration is uniquely characterized by C. Glycolysis.
Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration, which occurs in the absence of oxygen, breaking down glucose into pyruvate and generating a small amount of ATP. This stage is followed by either aerobic respiration, which includes the Krebs cycle and the Electron Transport Chain (ETC), or by anaerobic processes such as fermentation.