Final answer:
Hormones from the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary gland regulate puberty by stimulating the gonads to produce sex hormones like testosterone and estrogen, leading to sexual maturation and gamete production.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hormones produced by the hypothalamus gland and the ovaries in girls, or the testes in boys, control changes in their bodies. The hypothalamus releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) which in turn stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to secrete hormones that act on the gonads. The gonads, specifically the testes in males and the ovaries in females, produce sex hormones like testosterone and estrogen, which are crucial for sexual maturation during puberty and the production of gametes (sperm or egg cells).